WARSAW, Poland—Poland and Belgium ended their evacuations from Afghanistan, but other European nations vowed Wednesday to press on for as long as possible, as the clock ticks down on a dramatic airlift of people fleeing Taliban rule ahead of a full American withdrawal.
President Joe Biden said he will stick to his Aug. 31 deadline for completing the U.S. pullout.
European allies pressed for more time but, as a practical matter, will need to end their evacuations before the last American troops leave. Several countries have not said when they plan to end their operations.
The Taliban wrested back control of Afghanistan nearly 20 years after they were ousted in a U.S.-led invasion following the 9/11 attacks, which al-Qaida orchestrated while being sheltered by the group. Their return to power has pushed many Afghans to flee, fearing reprisals and a possible return to their brutal rule.
Late Wednesday, the U.S. Embassy warned U.S. citizens at three airport gates to leave immediately due to an unspecified security threat. Australia, Britain, and New Zealand also advised their citizens Thursday morning not to go to the airport, where there was a “very high threat of a terrorist attack.”
Australia has helped evacuate around 4,000 people, and Prime Minister Scott Morrison noted the increasingly dangerous situation. “That danger and those risks have been increasing each and every day as we always knew they would, and that’s why we’ve been moving with the haste that we have,” he added.
The Taliban said they would allow normal commercial air traffic to resume when they assume control of the airport after Aug. 31, but it’s unclear whether airlines would be willing to fly into an airport controlled by the terrorists.
With the deadline looming, Marcin Przydacz, a Polish deputy foreign minister, said Poland had evacuated its last group. “We cannot risk the lives of our diplomats and of our soldiers any longer,” Przydacz said.
A number of troops will remain briefly to wrap up operations, Przydacz said. Poland has used over a dozen planes to bring hundreds of evacuees to Warsaw. Some later traveled on to other countries.
Hours later, Belgian Prime Minister Alexander De Croo said his country ended its evacuation flights carrying people from Kabul to Pakistan. “Belgium will continue to repatriate to our country those people evacuated” in the days ahead, De Croo said. More than 1,100 people have been flown to Belgium.
The Czech Republic declared its own evacuation mission complete last week, and Hungary said it plans to end its operations soon.
“Due to extreme tension on the ground … and the scheduled departure of American forces, these evacuations are a true race against time,” French government spokesman Gabriel Attal said Wednesday. He said that his country’s evacuation would likely end “a few hours, maybe a few days ahead” of the American departure.
The White House said Wednesday around 19,000 people were evacuated from Kabul over the last 24 hours. It said the United States has evacuated or facilitated the evacuation of around 82,300 people since the Taliban takeover in mid-August.
Secretary of State Antony Blinken said as many as 1,500 Americans may be awaiting evacuation, a figure that suggests that part of the U.S.-led airlift could be completed before the Tuesday deadline. The State Department estimated about 6,000 Americans had wanted to leave when the airlift began Aug. 14.
Pentagon spokesman John Kirby said the military will “continue to evacuate needed populations all the way to the end.” But he added that in the final days and hours there will have to be a balance as the 5,400 troops in Kabul and critical systems also need to be withdrawn.
In Kabul itself, life has been slow to return to normal, but many people—especially women—are staying inside, fearful of the Taliban or the general instability.
Kabul Mayor Dawood Sultanzoy said many city workers have yet to return to work, with the absence of experienced staff hindering normal operations. But he said the city has begun to remove the blast walls that became ubiquitous in recent years as the Taliban and other armed groups carried out bombings and other attacks against the Western-backed government.
The Taliban say the decades of war are over and there will be no revenge attacks on people who opposed them. But there have been reports of summary executions and other abuses, and many Afghans fear a return to the Taliban’s hard-line Islamic rule of the 1990s, when women were largely confined to their homes.
Chaos at the Kabul airport has transfixed the world after the Taliban captured most of Afghanistan in a matter of days this month. Afghans poured onto the tarmac last week, and some clung to a U.S. military transport plane as it took off, later plunging to their deaths. At least seven people died that day, and another seven died Sunday in a panicked stampede.
Thousands have thronged the airport in the days since, and the United States and its allies have worked to speed the evacuation, sometimes flying people out before their paperwork is fully processed and bringing them to transit points. On Wednesday, 51 people landed in Uganda, the first African nation to serve as a transit point.
For now, the U.S. military coordinates all air traffic in and out of the Kabul airport. Taliban spokesman Suhail Shaheen tweeted that “people with legal documents” will be able to fly out of Kabul airport via commercial flights after the August deadline.
On Wednesday, a stream of military planes took off from the airfield as evacuees lined up on the tarmac. The desperate remained outside, some standing knee-deep in sewage and waving identity documents at Western soldiers in hopes of being allowed to go beyond the barbed wire fencing and onto a flight out.
While the final withdrawal date just under a week away, analyst Patricia Lewis said the practical deadline for the evacuations to stop was “the next couple of days.”
“There’s a huge amount of stuff that has to be done, including getting all the people out who are doing the job and all the equipment,” said Lewis, who is the director of the international security program at Chatham House, an international think tank.
“All of the allies are highly dependent on the U.S. for military cover, particularly air cover,” Lewis said. “They can’t put their own people at risk, so it really depends on when the U.S. starts packing up.”
