Two of the children were hospitalized, according to the CDC. Parents and caregivers of all five children told investigators the children either visited or lived in homes with veiled chameleons before becoming sick.
Salmonella infections can cause diarrhea, fever, and stomach cramps, typically beginning six hours to six days after exposure to the bacteria. Most individuals recover within four to seven days without treatment, but severe cases may require hospitalization.
Epidemiologic and laboratory evidence suggest contact with pet veiled chameleons is the likely source of the outbreak, according to the CDC. Whole-genome sequencing showed that the bacterial samples from the children were closely related, indicating they likely became sick from exposure to the same type of animal.
Consider Health Impacts Before Getting a Pet Chameleon: CDC
The CDC says reptiles, including chameleons, are not recommended as pets for children under 5, adults 65 and older, or people with weakened immune systems, as these groups face a greater risk of severe illness.Investigators said the veiled chameleons connected to the outbreak were purchased from several retail locations. Officials continue to trace the reptiles’ origins and identify which breeders supplied the stores.
The CDC notes the reported case count likely understates the true size of the outbreak because many infected people recover without medical care and are never tested for Salmonella.
Health officials say it can take several weeks to determine whether illnesses are connected to an outbreak.
Federal health officials urge reptile owners to wash their hands after handling chameleons or items in their habitats, to avoid kissing or snuggling reptiles, and to keep reptiles away from kitchens, food areas, and play areas.
The CDC says families considering a pet chameleon should consult a veterinarian and understand the health risks reptiles can pose to young children and other vulnerable groups.
Officials also advise owners to not release unwanted chameleons into the wild. Instead, it’s recommended to contact reptile rescues, animal shelters, or pet stores about rehoming options.